wrongful death statutes 〈美〉不法致死法 美国境内诸州均存在该种制定法。如果某人过失致他人死亡，则该法提供了一种诉因，死者的遗产管理人得以为死者的配偶、父母或子女的利益而对加害人提起诉讼。大多数州法律规定的是补偿性损害赔偿，但也有一些州保留了惩罚性损害赔偿的规定，而另外一些州的规定反映了以上两种倾向的结合。 (→Death on High Seas Act; Lord Campbell’s Act; survival statutes; unborn child; wrongful-death action)
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wrongful-death statute. A statute authorizing a decedent’s personal representative to bring a wrongful-death action for the benefit of certain beneficiaries. — Formerly also termed death-damage statute. [Cases: Death 11. C.J.S. Death § 20.]
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Lord Campbell’s Act. 1. The 1846 English statute that created a wrongful-death claim for the relatives of a decedent when the decedent would have had a claim if he or she had been merely injured and not killed. • Technically known as the Fatal Accidents Act of 1846, this statute changed the earlier rule, under
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Lord Campbell’s Acts 《坎贝尔勋爵法》 １指英国1843年《诽谤法》〔Libel Act〕，该法允许刑事诽谤〔criminal libel〕案的被告主张所传播的事实为真实或系为公共利益所为来对抗指控，从而对有关诽谤性言论方面的法律作了修改；２指英国1846年《死亡事故法》〔Fatal Accidents Act〕，该法允许因他人过失而致死者的遗嘱执行人或遗产管理人为死者的妻子、丈夫、父母或子女等亲属的利益而对过失行为者提起诉讼；３指英国1857年《淫秽出版物法》〔Obscene Publications Act〕，该法授权治安法官可以签发令状，扣押为出售、散布、出租目的或者为赢利而出版并存放于某处的淫秽书报、期刊、图画等。现已被1959年和1964年的《淫秽出版物法》废除和取代；４指美国一些州以英国1846年《死亡事故法》为蓝本制定的不当致人死亡法〔wrongful-death statute〕。
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Damages provided by statute (such as a wrongful-death-and-survival statute), as distinguished from damages provided under the common law. [Cases: Death 80.]